Who ultimately approves the Unified Command Plan (UCP)?

The Unified Command Plan (UCP) is a vital document that outlines the missions and responsibilities of U.S. military commands around the world. The ultimate authority and responsibility for approving this plan rests with the President.

The President, as the Commander-in-Chief, has the final say on matters of military strategy and organization, which includes the decisions reflected in the UCP. Importantly, the development of the UCP involves consultations and recommendations from the Secretary of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, but these parties can only make recommendations. The formal approval must come from the President, ensuring that military operations align with national security interests and strategic objectives.

This hierarchical structure reinforces the civilian control of the military, emphasizing the President's role in overseeing military strategies and plans, which are critical for maintaining the coherence and effectiveness of U.S. military operations globally.