What is the core belief of realism in foreign policy?

The core belief of realism in foreign policy emphasizes that the international system is characterized by an anarchic structure where states primarily act in their own self-interest. This perspective views the pursuit of power as a central aspect of international relations, where states are considered rational actors that prioritize their survival and security. Realists argue that this struggle for power is driven by competition and conflict, often leading to a balance of power scenario where states seek to maintain or enhance their relative power to ensure their national interests.

Realism does not inherently focus on cooperation or ethical considerations in international interactions. Instead, it underscores the importance of military strength and strategic alliances, recognizing that in an anarchic world, states cannot rely on others for their security and must be prepared to act independently or in opposition to rivals. This belief is foundational to understanding many historical and contemporary foreign policy decisions, as states navigate a landscape where power dynamics dictate their strategies and interactions.